Actual employment problems of persons with disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan: comparative legal analysis with foreign countries

Abstract

This study examines the employment challenges faced by persons with disabilities (PWD) in Kazakh- stan, focusing on gaps in policy implementation and comparing them with international best practices. While Kazakhstan’s legislative framework aligns with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), weak enforcement of employment quotas, insufficient vocational training, and persistent cultural biases hinder meaningful workplace inclusion. Drawing on successful models from Germany, the United States, and Nordic countries, the research highlights the need for stronger enforcement mechanisms, targeted training programs, and accessible digital platforms to create inclusive employment opportunities. The findings provide actionable recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to improve employment equity for PWD in Kazakhstan, with future research needed to evaluate the socio-economic impacts of proposed reforms and the potential of emerging technologies to enhance accessibility